1.2 DEFINITIONS
1.2.1 Beam Distance
Beam distance is defined as the distance from the device at which the light beam is 0.25 lux (0.25 lux is
approximately the equivalent of the light emitted from the full moon “on a clear night in an open field”).
1.2.2 Peak Beam Intensity
Peak Beam Intensity is the maximum luminous intensity typically along the central axis of a cone of light.
The value is reported in candela and does not change with distance.
1.2.3 Run Time
Run Time is defined as the duration of time from the initial light output value—defined as 30 seconds after
the point the device is first turned on—using fresh batteries, until the light output reaches 10% of the
initial value.
1.2.4 Light Output
Light Output is the total luminous flux. It is the total quantity of emitted overall light energy as measured
by integrating the entire angular output of the portable light source. Light output in this standard is
expressed in units of lumens.
1.2.5 Impact Resistance
Impact resistance is the degree to which a device resists damage from dropping on a solid surface.
1.2.6 Enclosure Protection Against Water Penetration Ratings
Based on the ANSI/IEC 60529 standard, the following enclosure ratings for the devices covered by this
standard have been defined:
Water Resistant—IPX4—Water splashed against the device from any direction shall have no harmful
effects.

Water Proof—IPX7—Ingress of water in quantities causing harmful effects shall not be possible when the
enclosure is temporarily immersed in water under standardized conditions of pressure and time.
Submersible—IPX8—lngress of water in quantities causing harmful effects shall not be possible when the
enclosure is continuously immersed in water under conditions which shall be stated by the manufacturer,
but which are more severe than for IPX7.
1.2.7 Hand-Held/Portable
A hand-held/portable device is small enough to be operated when held in one or both hands (like
flashlights, headlamps, spotlights, and bicycle lights) and light enough to be easily carried from place to
place.
1.2.8 Spectroradiometer
A spectroradiometer is an instrument capable of dividing light into its constituent wavelengths. For the
intent of this standard, a spectroradiometer is used for measuring the total spectral flux and luminous flux
of the device under test in the visible spectral range (380 to 790nm).
1.2.9 Light Measuring Device
A light measuring device is a commercially available device that is used to measure the amount of light
striking a surface from a given source. Typically, this device is calibrated during manufacture to ensure a
certain level of accuracy for the user. Also known as “light meters,” “photometers,” and in some cases
can be systems based on CCD cameras or other technologies. The device should be calibrated to the
CIE eye response curve.
1.2.10 Surface Light Intensity
Surface Light Intensity is defined in this standard as surface illuminance and is measured in units of lux.
1.2.11 Integrating Sphere
For the intent of this standard, an integrating sphere is a measurement device with an entrance port that
can accept all the directional light output of the device under test, or can totally enclose the device itself.
The walls of the sphere should be highly diffuse with high reflectivity (>80%) and the spectroradiometer
should be shielded from direct view of the device under test by a baffle system.
1.3 SAMPLE SIZE AND ORDER OF TESTING
1.3.1 Performance Testing
Performance testing includes beam distance, peak beam intensity, light output, and run time. These are
defined in individual test requirements:
a. Beam Distance: sample size is 3.
b. Peak Beam Intensity: sample size is 3.
c. Light Output: sample size is 3.
d. Run Time (Battery Life): sample size is 3
Performance tests may be conducted concurrently.
1.3.2 Reliability Testing
Reliability Testing includes impact resistance testing followed by Enclosure Protection Against Water
Penetration testing. These are defined in individual test requirements:

a. Impact Resistance: sample size is 5.
Impact Resistance tests are performed prior to all other Reliability testing, if applicable.
b. Enclosure Protection Against Water Penetration: sample size is 5.
c. If an Impact Resistance and an Enclosure Protection Against Water Penetration claim are both
made, the same test sample units shall be used for both tests. The samples shall be tested for
Enclosure Penetration only after the Impact Resistance testing is complete.
1.4 UNITS OF MEASURE
All values shall be given in SI (metric) units.